April 2023 – A power struggle between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) erupts into a nationwide civil war, igniting fighting that quickly spreads across the country and displaces millions [11][16].

2023‑2025 – Approximately one million Sudanese refugees cross into Chad since the war’s onset, turning Chad into a major refuge and humanitarian corridor for displaced populations [1].

Oct 2025 – The RSF seizes el‑Fasher after an 18‑month siege, ending the army’s last stronghold in Darfur and prompting reports of mass killings, sexual violence and forced disappearances that later meet the legal definition of genocide [5][9][12].

12 Dec 2025 – An RSF‑linked drone strike near Lubway kills 52 women and two children, underscoring the paramilitary’s use of aerial attacks against civilian targets [11].

15 Dec 2025 – The SAF announces the recruitment of 3,000 new soldiers, including women who swear “Allahu akbar” during their oath, in an effort to bolster forces after losing Darfur [11].

6 Dec 2025 – A drone hits a kindergarten in Kalogi, South Kordofan, killing at least 50 people, including 33 children; the RSF is accused of the attack by the Sudan Doctors’ Network and the army [8].

7 Dec 2025 – A second drone strike in Kalogi targets medics treating survivors of the kindergarten attack, raising the death toll and prompting rights groups to condemn the RSF for violating international humanitarian law [10].

8 Dec 2025 – WHO reports the Kalogi death toll rises to 114 (63 children) after drones also strike a hospital; the RSF is blamed by both the army and medical groups [7].

8 Dec 2025 – The Sudan Witness project documents 1,700+ civilian deaths and 1,120 injuries from 384 SAF airstrikes between April 2023 and July 2025, highlighting a pattern of indiscriminate bombing of markets, homes and health facilities [6].

13 Dec 2025 – A drone strike hits a UN logistics base in Kadugli, killing six peacekeepers and wounding eight; UN Secretary‑General António Guterres says such attacks “may constitute war crimes” and calls for accountability [15].

16 Dec 2025 – Yale’s Humanitarian Research Lab analyzes satellite imagery and concludes the RSF buried and burned tens of thousands of bodies after taking el‑Fasher, indicating a systematic effort to conceal mass killings [5].

31 Dec 2025 – A UN humanitarian team enters el‑Fasher for the first time since the RSF takeover, describing the city as a “mass crime scene” and mapping safe corridors for aid delivery [13].

6 Jan 2026 – A drone strike on a residential house in el‑Obeid kills at least 13 people, including eight children; medics attribute the attack to the RSF despite no claim of responsibility [4].

17 Feb 2026 – The United Nations declares Sudan’s emergency the world’s worst humanitarian crisis, with 33 million people needing aid and 14 million displaced, as the conflict reaches its 1,000th day [11].

19 Feb 2026 – A UN fact‑finding mission labels the RSF’s October 2025 assault on el‑Fasher as genocide; UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper calls the report “truly horrific” and urges the UN Security Council to launch criminal investigations [3][12].

22 Feb 2026 – Sudan’s foreign ministry denounces Uganda for hosting RSF commander Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, calling the meeting an “affront to humanity” and accusing Uganda of violating international law [2].

22 Feb 2026 – The RSF announces it captured the border town of Al‑Tina on 21 Feb 2026, extending its control across Darfur after earlier December 2025 advances; Darfur governor Minni Minnawi condemns the seizure as “criminal behaviour against civilians” [17].

23 Feb 2026 – Chad closes its eastern border with Sudan “until further notice” to stop armed incursions; Communications Minister Mahamat Gassim Cherif says the closure “prevents the Sudan war from spilling into Chad” and protects citizens and refugee communities [1].